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- L'universalisme, ou le danger d'une morale hypertrophiée (Arnold Gehlen)
L'universalisme, ou le danger d'une morale hypertrophiée (Arnold Gehlen)
Faisons-nous face à une "décadence morale" ou bien plutôt à une "hypermorale", une morale universelle hypertrophiée, fondée sur les bons sentiments ? Au lieu d'un retour à la morale, ce dont notre époque a besoin n’est-il pas plutôt de mettre des bornes aux exigences morales disproportionnées de l’humanitarisme et de refonder un « pluralisme éthique » ? Telle était l'ambition d'Arnold Gehlen quand il écrivit son remarquable essai "Morale et Hypermorale", récemment traduit en français. Écrit en 1969, peu après les divers mouvements de 68, il s'agit sans nul doute d'un des meilleurs ouvrages de cette période, dont les thèses principales n'ont rien perdu de leur force aujourd'hui.
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Video Transcript
It is a good thing for conservatives to associate the decline of a civilization with the idea of moral decadence,
as if the decline was characterized by a growing immorality in society.
To hear them, today's men would be less moral than their ancestors.
But is it really so?
Are we not, on the contrary, prisoners of a universal morality based on the hypertrophy of good feelings?
are we not on the contrary prisoners of a humanitarian moral that tends to become
the only source of our ethical reflections? Far from opposing a moral contrary,
just as encompassing. What our time needs is not it rather
to the disproportionate moral demands of humanitarianism and to re-found an ethical pluralism.
This is what we will see today with Arnold Gellen and his reflections on contemporary hyper-moralism.
Arnold Gellen is one of those authors that we should urgently discover in the French-speaking world.
Philosopher, sociologist, anthropologist, Arnold Gellen is one of the greatest German thinkers of the 20th century.
He was born in 1904 in Leipzig and died in 1976.
And with Max Scheler and Helmut Plessner, he is considered as one of the main representatives
of this current that we called the philosophical anthropology, with his masterpiece written
in 1940, entitled Man, his nature and his position in the world, which is a
real philosophical, scientific, anthropological sum of nearly 600 pages, which was finally
was translated into French in 2021 only,
which gives the possibility to the French-speaking reader to discover his thought.
It is certainly the most important book of Arnold Gehlen
to understand the essence of his anthropological theses.
But it will not be the subject of this video today.
I have decided to talk to you about one of the last essays of Arnold Gehlen,
a more controversial essay,
which has just been translated into French this year,
namely moral and hyper-moral.
Written in 1969, it is certainly one of the most important works of that time
which earned Hegelan to be qualified by Armin Moller himself, I quote him,
as a master of young conservatives.
After reading this book, Moller asked in a review article
who could still accuse those who are not leftists of being late on their time.
That's why, in a perspective of intellectual re-foundation of the right,
I thought it important to recommend this book to you.
Without wasting time, my proposal is to present you the great theses
contained in this book, hoping that it will make you want to read
this book by yourself to deepen the question.
If you wish, however, a more general introduction to the thought of Gellon
and his intellectual and philosophical background,
well, know that I recently made a long interview of more than two hours
with Frédéric Castel, who directed the last issue of the magazine
Nouvelle École, dedicated to Arnold Gellon, and who is really a fine connoisseur of his thought.
It is a question in this interview of Gellon's influences, his career,
of philosophical anthropology in general and of his main figures,
Max Scheler and Helmut Plesner,
the questions of man,
of Gellon's great book,
his theory of institutions,
his anti-Rousseauist attitude, etc.
It is, I find,
an extremely rich interview
